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nounGerman pope from 1049 to 1054 whose papacy was the beginning of papal reforms in the 11th century (1002-1054)
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nounItalian philosopher who used Copernican principles to develop a pantheistic monistic philosophy; condemned for heresy by the Inquisition and burned at the stake (1548-1600)
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noun(Roman Catholic Church) a French cleric (born in Germany) who founded the Carthusian order in 1084 (1032-1101)
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